13017 ENGINEERING, MATHEMATICAL, & NATURAL SCIENCES MANAGERS

Plan, organize, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as architecture, electronic data processing, engineering, life sciences, physical sciences, statistics, and systems analysis. These persons spend the greatest portion of their time in managerial work for which a background consistent with that described for engineers, mathematicians, or natural scientists is required.

22102 AERONAUTICAL & ASTRONAUTICAL ENGINEERS

Perform a variety of engineering work in designing, constructing, and testing aircraft, missiles, and spacecraft. May conduct basic and applied research to evaluate adaptability of materials and equipment to aircraft design and manufacture. May recommend improvements in testing equipment and techniques.

22123 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS

Apply knowledge of engineering technology and biological science to agricultural problems concerned with power and machinery, electrification, structures, soil and water conservation, and processing of agricultural products.

22302 ARCHITECTS, EXCEPT LANDSCAPE & MARINE

Plan and design structures, such as private residences, office buildings, theaters, factories, and other structural property.

22114 CHEMICAL ENGINEERS

Design chemical plant equipment and devise processes for manufacturing chemicals and products such as gasoline, synthetic rubber, plastics, detergents, cement, paper, and pulp by applying principles and technology of chemistry, physics, and engineering.

22121 CIVIL ENGINEERS, INCLUDING TRAFFIC

Perform engineering duties in planning, designing, and overseeing construction and maintenance of structures and facilities such as roads, railroads, airports, bridges, harbors, channels, dams, irrigation projects, pipelines, power plants, water and sewage systems, and waste disposal units. Include Traffic Engineers who specialize in studying vehicular and pedestrian traffic conditions.

22502 CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNICIANS & TECHNOLOGISTS

Apply theory and principles of civil engineering in planning, designing, and overseeing construction and maintenance of structures and facilities under the direction of engineering staff or physical scientists.

22127 COMPUTER ENGINEERS

Analyze data processing requirements to plan EDP system to provide system capabilities required for projected workloads. Plan layout and installation of new system or modification of existing system. May set up and control analog or hybrid computer systems to solve scientific and engineering problems.

22514 DRAFTERS

Prepare working plans and detail drawings from rough or detailed sketches and notes for engineering or manufacturing purposes according to specified dimensions. Utilize knowledge of various machines, engineering practices, mathematics, building materials, and other physical sciences to complete drawings. May use computer-assisted drafting (CAD) equipment and software.

22126 ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERS

Design, develop, test, and supervise the manufacturing and installation of electrical and electronic equipment, components, or systems for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use. Exclude Computer Engineers.

22505 ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING TECHNICIANS & TECH-NOLOGISTS

Apply electrical and electronic theory and related knowledge to design, build, test, repair, and modify developmental, experimental, or production electrical equipment in industrial or commercial plants for subsequent use by engineering personnel in making engineering design and evaluation decisions.

22517 ESTIMATORS & DRAFTERS, UTILITIES

Develop specifications and instructions for installation of voltage transformers, overhead or underground cables, and related electrical equipment used to conduct electrical energy from transmission lines or high-voltage distribution lines to consumers.

22128 INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS, EXCEPT SAFETY

Perform engineering duties in planning and overseeing the utilization of production facilities and personnel in department or other subdivision of industrial establishment. Plan equipment layout, workflow, and accident prevention measures to maintain efficient and safe utilization of plant facilities. Plan and oversee work, study, and training programs to promote efficient worker utilization. Develop and oversee quality control, inventory control, and production record systems. Exclude Industrial Product Safety Engineers.

22508 INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING TECHNICIANS & TECHNOLOGISTS

Study and record time, motion, method, and speed involved in performance of production, maintenance, clerical, and other worker operations for such purposes as establishing standard production rates or improving efficiency. Usually work under the direction of engineering staff.

22308 LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS

Plan and design land areas for such projects as parks and other recreational facilities, airports, highways, hospitals, schools, land subdivisions, and commercial, industrial, and residential sites.

22138 MARINE ENGINEERS

Design, develop, and take responsibility for the installation of ship machinery and related equipment including propulsion machines and power supply systems. Exclude Marine Architects.

22135 MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

Perform engineering duties in planning and designing tools, engines, machines, and other mechanically functioning equipment. Oversee installation, operation, maintenance, and repair of such equipment as centralized heat, gas, water, and steam systems.

22511 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNICIANS & TECHNOLOGISTS

Apply theory and principles of mechanical engineering to develop and test machinery and equipment under direction of engineering staff or physical scientists.

22105 METALLURGISTS & METALLURGICAL, CERAMIC, & MATERIALS ENGINEERS

Metallurgists and Metallurgical Engineers: Investigate properties of metals and develop methods to produce new alloys, usages, and processes of extracting metals from their ores. Include Physical and Extractive Metallurgists. Ceramic Engineers: Conduct research, design machinery, and develop processing techniques related to the manufacturing of ceramic products. Materials Engineers: Evaluate, plan, and implement processes to develop new materials to meet product specifications, performance standards, and costs.

22108 MINING ENGINEERS, INCLUDING MINE SAFETY

Determine the location and plan the extraction of coal, metallic ores, nonmetallic minerals, and building materials, such as stone and gravel. Work involves conducting preliminary surveys of deposits or undeveloped mines and planning their development; examining deposits or mines to determine whether they can be worked at a profit; making geological and topographical surveys; evolving methods of mining best suited to character, type, and size of deposits; and supervising mining operations.

22117 NUCLEAR ENGINEERS

Conduct research on nuclear engineering problems or apply any principles and theory of nuclear science to problems concerned with release, control, and utilization of nuclear energy.

22111 PETROLEUM ENGINEERS

Devise methods to improve oil and gas well production and determine the need for new or modified tool designs. Oversee drilling and offer technical advice to achieve economical and satisfactory progress.

22132 SAFETY ENGINEERS, EXCEPT MINING

Apply knowledge of industrial processes, mechanics, chemistry, psychology, and industrial health and safety laws to prevent or correct injurious products or environmental conditions and minimize effects of human traits or product characteristics that create hazards to life and property or reduce worker morale and efficiency. Include Industrial Product Safety Engineers.

22199 ALL OTHER ENGINEERS

All other engineers not classified separately above.

22599 ALL OTHER ENGINEERING & RELATED TECHNICIANS & TECHNOLOGISTS

All other engineering and related technicians and technologists not classified separately above.

24305 AGRICULTURAL & FOOD SCIENTISTS

Research problems related to agriculture, animal husbandry, and horticulture, including the development of improved methods of cultivation, the processing, handling, and storing of products, and related activities.

24108 ATMOSPHERIC & SPACE SCIENTISTS

Investigate atmospheric phenomena and interpret meteorological data gathered by surface and air stations, satellites, and radar to prepare reports and forecasts for public and other uses. Include weather analysts and forecasters who work for radio and TV stations and whose functions require the detailed knowledge of a meteorologist

24308 BIOLOGICAL SCIENTISTS

Research problems dealing with life processes. Include Biologists, Biochemists, Biophysicists, Pathologists, Bacteriologists, Toxicologists, and Zoologists. Exclude Medical and Agricultural Scientists.

24505 CHEMICAL TECHNICIANS & TECHNOLOGISTS, EXCEPT HEALTH

Conduct chemical and physical laboratory tests to assist scientists in making qualitative and quantitative analyses of solids, liquids, and gaseous materials for purposes such as research and development of new products or processes, quality control, maintenance of environmental standards, and other work involving experimental, theoretical, or practical application of chemistry and related sciences.

24105 CHEMISTS, EXCEPT BIOCHEMISTS

Conduct qualitative and quantitative chemical analyses or chemical experiments in laboratories for quality or process control or to develop new products or knowledge.

24302 FORESTERS & CONSERVATION SCIENTISTS

Plan, develop, and control environmental factors affecting forests, range land, and farm land and their resources for economic and recreational purposes through activities such as researching soil erosion, conducting fire prevention programs, reforestation, and preservation of natural resources.

24111 GEOLOGISTS, GEOPHYSICISTS, & OCEANOGRAPHERS

Geologists: Study composition, structure, and history of the earth's crust; examine rocks, minerals, and fossil remains to identify and determine the sequence of processes affecting the development of the earth; apply knowledge of chemistry, physics, biology, and mathematics to explain these phenomena and to help locate mineral and petroleum deposits and underground water resources; prepare geologic reports and maps; and interpret research data to recommend further study or action. Geophysicists: Study physical aspects of the earth, including the atmosphere and hydrosphere; investigate and measure seismic, gravitational, electrical, thermal, and magnetic forces affecting the earth, utilizing principles of physics, mathematics, and chemistry. Oceanographers: Study topographical features, rock and sediment of the ocean bottom, and physical aspects of oceans, such as density, temperature, and sound.

24311 MEDICAL SCIENTISTS

Conduct research dealing with the understanding of human diseases and the improvement of human health. Engage in clinical investigation or other research, production, technical writing, or related activities. Include Medical Scientists such as Physicians, Dentists, Public Health Specialists, Pharmacologists, and Medical Pathologists. Exclude practitioners who provide medical care or dispense drugs.

24508 NUCLEAR TECHNICIANS & TECHNOLOGISTS

Assist scientists in both laboratory and production activities by performing technical tasks involving nuclear physics, primarily in operation, maintenance, production, and quality control support activities. Work includes design, production, or maintenance of apparatus or products such as plant equipment used for the release, control, and utilization of nuclear energy; development of industrial nuclear processes; and design, construction, operation, maintenance, or repair of nuclear plants.

24511 PETROLEUM TECHNICIANS & TECHNOLOGISTS

Assist scientists in the use of electrical, sonic, or nuclear measuring instruments in both laboratory and production activities to obtain data indicating potential sources of metallic ore, gas, or petroleum. Analyze oil and drill cuttings to determine petroleum and mineral content and physical characteristics. Chart pressure, temperature, and other characteristics of oil and gas wells, bore holes, or producing wells. Investigate and collect information concerning oil well drilling operations, geological and geographical prospecting, and land and lease contracts from other oil fields that lead to the possible discovery of new oil fields.

22311 SURVEYORS & MAPPING SCIENTISTS

Use surveying, engineering, and scientific data to determine and identify fixed points or boundaries, and prepare maps for legal and design purposes. Provide data relevant to the shape, contour, gravitation, location, or dimension of land or land features for construction, mining, land evaluation, or other purposes.

22521 SURVEYING & MAPPING TECHNICIANS

Perform surveying and mapping duties to obtain data pertaining to angles, elevations, points, and contours used for construction, map-making, boundary location, mining, or other purposes. Calculate mapmaking information from field notes using reference tables. Draw maps of geographical areas from source data such as surveying notes, aerial photography, or other maps to show natural and constructed features, political boundaries, and other features. Draw topographical maps from aerial photographs or verify accuracy and completeness of topographical maps. Exclude Surveyors, Cartographers, and Geodesists.

24199 ALL OTHER PHYSICAL SCIENTISTS

All other physical scientists not classified separately above.

24502 BIOLOGICAL, AGRICULTURAL, & FOOD TECHNICIANS & TECHNOLOGISTS, EXCEPT HEALTH

Assist scientists in laboratory and production activities by performing tasks necessary to experiment, test, and develop new and improved methods in production, preservation, and processing of plant and animal life.

24399 ALL OTHER LIFE SCIENTISTS

All other life scientists not classified separately above.

24599 ALL OTHER PHYSICAL & LIFE SCIENCE TECHNICIANS & TECHNOLOGISTS